Christian Photographer Wins First Amendment Case Against New York Over Same-Sex Wedding Content
by Emmitt Barry, Worthy News Correspondent
(Worthy News) – A federal court has ruled in favor of a Christian wedding photographer who challenged New York’s public accommodation laws, finding that the state cannot compel her to create content that conflicts with her religious beliefs.
The U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York issued a preliminary injunction Thursday in the case Emilee Carpenter Photography v. James, siding with photographer and blogger Emilee Carpenter, whose business faced the threat of steep fines, a revoked license, and potential jail time for refusing to photograph same-sex weddings or post affirming messages on her website.
The court determined Carpenter’s photography services are “expressive activity protected by the First Amendment,” and cited the U.S. Supreme Court’s 2023 decision in 303 Creative v. Elenis, which held that states cannot use public accommodation laws to compel artists to express messages that violate their conscience.
“Given the Supreme Court’s decision in 303 Creative, it is now beyond debate that a state’s public accommodations law may not be applied to expressive activity to compel speech,” the court wrote.
Carpenter, represented by Alliance Defending Freedom (ADF), first filed suit in 2021 after state officials warned her that refusing to photograph same-sex weddings or posting her religious beliefs about marriage could result in penalties of up to $100,000 and even imprisonment under New York law. A district court initially ruled against her, but the case was revived by the Second Circuit and reconsidered following the 303 Creative precedent.
ADF Legal Counsel Bryan Neihart hailed the ruling: “Free speech is for everyone, and more courts are ruling consistent with that message. The government can’t force Americans to say things they don’t believe.”
Carpenter’s website states her belief that “marriage is a picture of the Gospel and demonstrates the redemptive love of Jesus Christ.” The court recognized this conviction as core to her expressive work. “[Emilee] provides a customized, tailored photography service that is guided by her own artistic and moral judgment,” the ruling stated.
Raymond Dague of Dague Law served as local counsel. The ruling marks a notable expansion of constitutional protections for religious expression in creative professions and could have wide-reaching implications for similar legal challenges across the country.
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